GRUPOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN: CIENCIA ANIMAL
LÍNEAS DE INVESTIGACIÓN: Salud Humana y Animal y Sostenibilidad Ambiental
PROGRAMA: Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia
CATEGORÍA MINCIENCIAS: Junior
NIVEL DE FORMACIÓN: Doctorado
LINEAS DE TRABAJO: Salud Ambiental, Salud Pública, Sistemas de Vigilancia en salud, Calidad del Agua, Evaluación en Salud, Epidemiología.
PRODUCTOS DESTACADOS
Leptospirosis in small ruminants is an economically important disease that causes important losses by pathologies of the reproductive tract. The present study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Leptospira spp. in small ruminants under traditional husbandry systems. A cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out in a sample of 1039 animals which included 793 sheep and 245 goats from 49 farms of 10 municipalities of northeastern areas of Colombia. The MAT test using a panel of 13 laboratory serovars was performed to diagnose the Leptospira spp. antibodies in the serum samples of animals. A structured questionnaire was filled in each farm to obtain information on putative risk factors, and its association with Leptospira spp. infection was detected by univariate and multivariate logistic regression. The general seroprevalence showed a rate of 13.9%, the 79.6% of farms showed at least one positive animal, the 14.2% and 0.4% of positive animals showed titers ≥ 1:100 and 1:200, respectively. The seroprevalence in sheep and goats showed a rate of 13.1% and 16.2%, respectively. The most common serovars in positive animals were Autumnalis (3.6%), Tarassovi (3.4%), Bratislava (2.9%), Mini (2.9%), Bataviae (1.4%), Canicola (0.3%), and Grippotyphosa (0.3%). The univariate and multivariate analysis showed as risk factors the absence of housing system (OR = 3.412 CI: 1.347–8.152), the absence of quarantine measures to new animals (OR = 1.371 CI: 0.943–1.978), and the protective factor identified was the use of Toggenburg breed (OR = 0.571 CI: 0.249–1.074). This exploratory study showed the Leptospira spp. positive small ruminants located in the northeastern areas of Colombia with titer associated with chronic and subclinical infection.
Seroprevalence and risk factors for Leptospira spp. in small ruminants of semi-arid zone in northeastern Colombia
Fecha de publicación: 28/02/2022
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Cattle seroprevalence and risk factors associated with bovine viral diarrhea in the northeastern of Colombia
Fecha de publicación: 29/06/2021
Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is one of the most common and economically significant viral infections in cattle. Different risk factors have been associated with viral exposure and transmission, generating endemic regions with different biotype circulations. To find the BVD status in the northeastern region of Colombia, this study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with the disease in non-vaccinated farms. For this purpose, a two-time point sampling strategy was developed, obtaining serum from 1157 animals housed in 25 farms distributed in 46 townships, thus for antibody detection against nonstructural protein 3 (NS3, p80) of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) using an indirect ELISA test. For the first time in Colombia, the presence of serological persistent cattle was evaluated in 1047 animals 3 weeks later of first sampling. The information on a standardized questionnaire with closed and dichotomic answers was used to calculate the putative risk factors. The association analysis by univariate and multivariate logistic regression reported odds ratios (OR) with a 95% of confidence interval (C.I). The overall seroprevalence was 65% (95% CI 62.5–72.9%), with variations according to age ranges. The prevalence of persistent serological positive corresponded to 37.7% (95% CI 34.2–41.5). The risk factors found by multivariate analyses were the lease of pastures (OR = 2.071 CI 1.485–3.690), the use of the same needle (OR = 2.249 CI 1.354–3.736), the molasses supplementation (OR = 2.742 CI 1.156–5.807), and the native Creole breed (OR = 1.895 CI 1.416–2.804). The results of this study confirmed the endemism and higher common exposure to BVDV, as well as the presence of serological persistent cattle in Valledupar, Colombia.
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Toxoplasma gondii in small ruminants in northeastern areas of Colombia: Seroprevalence and risk factors
Fecha de publicación: 28/03/2020
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Presencia de virus entéricos en muestras de agua para el consumo humano en Colombia: desafíos de los sistemas de abastecimiento
Fecha de publicación: 09/09/2016
El agua de consumo humano puede ser vehículo de transmisión de agentes patógenos. La detección de virus entéricos en estas muestras de agua es esencial para establecer las acciones adecuadas de control y prevención de las enfermedades asociadas. Analizar los resultados del diagnóstico de virus entéricos en muestras de agua para el consumo humano recibidas en el Instituto Nacional de Salud y establecer su asociación con los datos sobre la calidad del agua en los municipios de Colombia. Se hizo un análisis descriptivo retrospectivo de los resultados obtenidos en la detección de rotavirus, enterovirus, virus de la hepatitis A y adenovirus, en muestras de agua recibidas
para estudios complementarios en la investigación de brotes de hepatitis entérica, de enfermedad diarreica aguda y de enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos. Dicha información se correlacionó con los datos de la vigilancia de la calidad del agua municipal determinada según el índice de riesgo de la calidad del agua (IRCA). Se procesaron 288 muestras de 102 municipios de Colombia, de las cuales el 50,7 % fue positivo para algún virus: 26,73 %, para el virus de la hepatitis A; 20,48 %, para enterovirus y rotavirus, y 18,05 % para adenovirus. Se detectaron virus en 48,26 % de las muestras de agua no tratada y en 45,83 % de las de agua tratada. El IRCA no mostró correlación con la presencia de virus. La presencia de virus en el agua representa un riesgo para la salud pública. La prevención de la transmisión de virus por medio del agua req
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Prevalence of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies among people with occupational exposure in Tolima department
Fecha de publicación: 20/05/2016
To estimate the prevalence of IgM antibodies against Leptospira spp. Using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in a population at occupational risk from 8 municipalities of the Tolima department, Colombia. Blood samples were collected from 261 employees and analyzed with the elisa technique to detect IgM and anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies. This was followed by mat and serotyping. A seroprevalence of 25.29% was estimated, with higher seroreactivity for individuals working at slaughter plants (34.2%), collecting solid waste (27.1%) and those in contact with water and sewage waste (14.8%). Activity in slaughter plants was identified as a risk factor for Leptospira spp. (OR = 1.86). The serovars identified were L. Bratislava (16), Ballum (5), Tarassovi (3), Hebdomadis (2), Sejroe (2), and Icterhemorragiae (1). The municipality of Libano had the highest percentage of positivity (36.96%), followed by Espinal and Guamo with 28.57% each. Assessment of the current surveillance system for leptospirosis indicated deficient resources and health professionals who are lacking in terms of knowledge regarding appropriate procedures, research on, diagnosis and reporting mechanisms for the disease. Leptospirosis is present in public workers with occupational hazard in Tolima. In addition, this issue should be approached while taking into account the population from other municipalities as well as the animals associated with its transmission
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